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SINPO, acronym for signal, interference, noise, propagation, and overall, is a Signal Reporting Codes used to describe the quality of radio transmissions, especially in reception reports written by shortwave listeners. Each letter of the code stands for a specific factor of the signal, and each item is graded on a 1 to 5 scale (where 1 stands for nearly undetectable/severe/unusable and 5 for excellent/nil/extremely strong). The code originated with the CCIR (a predecessor to the ITU-R) in 1951, and was widely used by BBC shortwave listeners to submit signal reports, with many going so far as to mail audio recordings to the BBC's offices. It has been expanded in some places to a SINPFEMO code which includes rating the station's modulation and other audio qualities, but the expanded code is rarely used in practice. Both SINPO and SINPFEMO are the official signal reporting codes for international civil aviation.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.icao.int/NACC/Documents/Meetings/2014/ECARAIM/REF03-ICAOCodes.pdf )〕 The use of the SINPO code can be subjective and may vary from person to person. Not all shortwave listeners are conversant with the SINPO code and prefer using plain language instead. ==Code explained== ; S (Signal strength) : The relative strength of the transmission. ; I (Interference) : Interference from other stations on the same or adjacent frequencies (man-made noise). ; N (Noise) : The amount of atmospheric noise. ; P (Propagation) : Whether the signal is steady or fades from time to time. ; O (Overall merit) : An overall score for the listening experience under these conditions. Each category is rated from 1 to 5 with 1 being 'unusable' or 'severe' and 5 being 'perfect' or 'nil'. MANY raters misunderstand the code and will rate everything either 55555 or 11111 when in reality both extremes are unusual in the extreme. '55555' essentially means 'perfect reception akin to a local station' while that is occasionally possible, when talking about long-distance short-wave reception, it is almost never the case. Another common mistake in rating is presenting an 'O' higher than any previously rated element. By definition, a station cannot present 'perfect' reception if there is any Noise or Interference or Fading present. In other words, it is NOT 'perfect local quality' reception if any of those things are present. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「SINPO code」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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